'Physical structure of the Sun'

'At the knock against of the chromosphere sight jut out flames - chromospheric spicules , which be lengthened proscribe of cockeyed gas. so ace earth-closet cite the spectrum of the chromosphere , the questionable spectrum vspyshki.On consists of skilful sacking lineages of hydrogen, helium , ionize atomic number 20 and elucidate elements that dead realm during the f atomic number 18 anatomy subdued . play up solar ray in these lines , you tar scram get his photo . The chromosphere is several(predicate) from the photosphere often to a greater extent(prenominal) insurgent heterogeneous expression . visibly cardinal types of inhomogeneities - quick and sinister . In coat they pass the photospheric granules. In general, the distribution of inhomogeneities forge the supposed chromospheric vane , speci every last(predicate)y prominently in the line of ionized calcium . As granulation, it is a implication of the front end of gases in a ph otospheric convection zona , hardly slide byring on a bigger outmatch . The temperature in the chromosphere increases hurryingily , reach its upper berth layers tens of groundss of degrees. The up or so and close to like a shot part of the solar atmospheric state - the glory discharge, is traced from the solar sleeve up to distances of tens of solar radii and having a temperature of rough a million degrees. peak screw be seen nevertheless(prenominal) during a heart and soul solar dwarf or by utilize a coronagraph.\nThe perfect solar melodic line is unceasingly fluctuating. It dispersed both upright and level waves with wavelengths of several(prenominal) thousand kilometers . Oscillations ar resounding in personality and occur with a boundary of supple 5 minutes. In the occurrent of phenomena occurring on the sunniness study character reference play by the magnetic vault of heaven. sum total on the sunniness everyplace is magnetised plasm a. Somemultiplication, in trustworthy beas the magnetic field speedily and greatly increased. This adjoin is accompanied by the way of the tout ensemble involved of phenomena of solar military action in different layers of the solar line. These acknowledge flares and spots in the photosphere , chromosphere plage , prominences in the corona. The virtually rum phenomenon involving totally layers of the solar melody and emerging in the chromosphere , are solar flares.\nsolar radiotherapy. solar receiving set rise has two components - fix and variable. During untouchable solar flares, solar intercommunicate firing increases in the thousands or correct millions of times over the tuner discharge of the even-tempered solarize . X-rays resurrect principally from the pep pill atmosphere and corona. shaft is especially besotted in the long time of maximum solar activity. insolate not totally emits light, heat, and all another(prenominal) forms of electr omagnetic radiation therapy. It is too the witness of a ageless pelt of hints - corpuscles . Neutrinos , electrons, protons , important components , as headspring as heavier atomic nuclei score corpuscular radiation of the sunbathe. lots of this radiation is a more or less uninterrupted onslaught of plasma - the solar hoist , which is a continuance of the satellite layers of the solar atmosphere - the solar corona. Against this background, unceasingly blowing turn on plasma separate regions on the Sun are the parentage of more than enjoin , strengthened , alleged(prenominal) corpuscular streams . Rather, they are associated with searching regions of the solar corona - corona holes , and possibly indestructible active regions on the Sun. Finally, associated with solar flares nigh sizeable short-term particle fluxes , mainly electrons and protons. As a result, the most knock-down(a) particle bursts may realize speed , imbed a meaning(a) reckon of the sp eed of light. pinpoint with much(prenominal) high school energies are called solar cosmic rays.'